Projected Capacitive Touch
PCAP Touch is built up by using different conductive materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or metallic wires placed in form of a grid in layers on sheets of plastic film.
The films are then laminated on the backside of a front glass.
When a voltage is applied to the grid a uniform electrostatic field is created. The electrostatic field reaches through the front glass and when it is interfered by a conductive object such as a human finger or conductive stylus it will be distorted. The distortion can be detected by a controller circuit which will calculate the position.
The front glass can be customized in many ways. For example a screen print can be applied to cover areas outside the active touch area. Other things that can be customized are the shape of the glass, the thickness of the glass, the form of the chamfers, the location of the tails or applying anti-glare treatment or anti-reflective films to the glass.
For smaller sizes the touch controller often comes as Chip-On-Film (COF) and for larger sizes as a separate printed circuit board.
Resistive touch technology is built up by a bottom glass with two conductive layers on top that are separated by spacers. When a force is applied from a human finger or stylus the two layers are pressed together. This creates a connection between the layers and the resistance is changed which can be determined as coordinate by a controller circuit.
There are more advanced versions of resistive touch screen such as glass-film-glass (GFG) and true-flat frameless touch screens. GFG means that a very thin sheet of glass or heavy duty film is placed on top of the touch screen to increase its resistance against scratches, high temperatures and makes it possible to use chemicals to clean it. A true-flat resistive touch screen is made to look like a PCAP touch
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